On
Tuesday, March 26, the Society of Actuaries released a study that indicates PPACA will cause
insurance costs in the individual market to rise by an average of 32% next
year.
Actuaries are financial risk professionals who use statistics and
economic theory to conduct long-range cost estimates for pension plans,
insurance companies and government programs, which means that this study is
giving the Obama Administration a big headache. As Chief Medicaid Actuary Rick
Foster noted that “actuaries tend to be financially conservative, so the
various assumptions might be more inclined to consider what might go wrong than
to anticipate that everything will work beautifully.”
One important point to make about the
cost increases is that the projections do not necessarily reflect what
consumers will pay for coverage next year because it does not account for
federal subsidies offered through the exchanges. Mind you, that does not mean
that costs won’t be increasing, just that for qualified lower-income
individuals, their cost-share won’t directly reflect the price increases.
Instead, the increased costs will be borne by the federal government and U.S.
taxpayers, via the cost of PPACA’s premium tax credits for individuals making
up to 400% of the federal poverty level who do not have access to qualified
employer-sponsored coverage. The study also noted that the impact will likely
vary across states. For example, the actuaries predicted that there will be
13.9% drop in New York’s individual market to an 80.9% increase in Ohio.
In creating the study, the Society
used the Health Benefits Simulation Model (HBSM), a micro-simulation of the
U.S. healthcare system that models all kinds of health policies ranging from
narrowly defined individual insurance market policies to larger publicly-funded
policies such as those offered through the Medicaid program. The model,
developed in 1989, has been used by past Administrations planning for
healthcare reform, by federal and state agencies predicting health coverage
costs and impacts and by the Obama Administration and the Congressional Budget
Office during the development of PPACA. The Society of Actuaries’ paper
indicates that rates are going to rise due to the amount of people with
preexisting conditions who will be entering the insurance market. However, “the
actuaries' projection is modeling the market three years in, after the initial
tumult has subsided and also after a major program meant to tamp down prices in
the beginning years has expired” says PoliticoPro.
The Obama
Administration has already come out with a critique of the study, claiming that
the actuaries spent too much time focusing on one aspect of the law (those with
preexisting conditions entering the market) and not on the cost relief
strategies included in the law or the potential price-cost saving impact of
state insurance exchanges that are set to begin open enrollment October 1,
2013.This point was also reaffirmed by the chief actuary who put this study
together, as he admitted that the study did not attempt to estimate the effect
of subsidies, insurer competition and other factors that could offset cost
increases. Instead, the goal of the study was to look at the underlying cost of
medical care in the U.S.
